Northlake Commons’ Design Story

This content was delivered as a spoken presentation at the Northwest EcoBuilding Guild Sustainability Slam at Town Hall Seattle in October of 2024.

Hello, I’m Brittany Porter, Senior Associate at Weber Thompson and the Senior Project Architect of Northlake Commons.

Northlake Commons was recently completed in the beginning of 2024 and has been the highlight of my career to date and my singular focus for the past five years of said career. So, I’m happy to share with you how I think of the project now that it stands on its own.

I want to begin by saying this project is a market-rate, core and shell office building. It did not have an unlimited budget and in fact, it was largely designed during 2020 and the whole team knew the building would come to market with considerable leasing challenges given the changes we have all seen to the demand for office space.

The Ownership team set out to create a legacy project, but it still had to pencil, and it had to rise above the rest. Differentiation from other workplaces was always a driver. These project goals resulted in Northlake Commons as we see here. It is a LEED Platinum, mass timber, mixed-use, lab-ready office building on the north end of Lake Union.

This large site is fortunate to have many valuable placemaking site relationships to respond to— The popular Burke-Gilman Trail bookends it to the north and the lake to the south.

Situated in an industrial zone, there was also the challenge of responding to the program need of a working warehouse on site for Dunn Lumber. This project is a partnership between developers Hess Callahan Grey Group, Spear Street Capital, and landowners the Dunn Lumber Family. Which has been operating from their adjacent headquarters building since the 1930s.

The goal was to be a bridge between the residential zones and trail activity to the north and to the water to the south. All while accommodating trucking through the site. This led to the building massing, as you can see here. With two main wings that pull apart to allow public circulation from north and south while safely keeping the warehouse activity below this new pedestrian bridge.

At the north end of the site, the building form angles open to create a welcoming entry sequence that announces the site's porosity.

Through a partnership with the Seattle Parks Department, this project created a park on the formerly underutilized land that existed between the trail and the north property line. It has historically been uncommon for the Parks Department to consider collaborating with private developers in this way, but we see this park as a successful example of the public benefit and connectivity that is possible through collaborations like this.

As you enter the plaza, you are greeted by a bridge. The tops of evergreen trees curiously peak out from the floor line. As you get closer, the bridge spans over a sunken garden planted with ferns and other native plantings. This is my favorite moment to experience on the project. It piques curiosity and encourages exploration. This sense of discovery is one of the patterns of biophilic design foundationally woven throughout Northlake Commons.

Biophilia is the idea that humans have a natural tendency to connect with other living things in the natural world. Being in biophilic spaces has proven benefits for mental well-being. They can make us more resilient to stress, improve our sleep quality, and enhance creativity and problem-solving.

Creating a space that amplifies connection to nature harmonized with the project's goals of bringing something of unique value to the workplace market.

Mass timber was at the heart of the project from the beginning. The design concept was inspired by the Pacific Northwest forests and the long history of woodcraft established by this maritime waterfront.

The building's form is inspired by mortise and tenon joinery, which is used in furniture and boat-making to create strong connections. The open-air bridges, or Connectors as well call them, above the courtyard - serve to stitch together the two carved halves of the building.

The building's stories mimic the layers of a forest which are the forest floor, the understory and the canopy. The forest floor is represented by lush plantings at grade and in the sunken garden, the understory by a forest of tree-like columns, and the overhead Connectors represent the canopy.

The biophilic nature of the timber engages all of the senses, and the space feels a walk in the woods but in the heart of a city.

Using a mass timber structure not only brought the building biophilic benefits but also reduced the embodied carbon of the building by 55% compared to the concrete or steel structures that would be typical for this building type.

All the wood is regionally sourced and manufactured. Originating in the forests of British Columbia, it was then fabricated in Portland, Oregon. The Northwest's ability to supply mass timber at this scale is improving yearly. It is easy to imagine a near future with significantly more low-carbon mass timber structures like this one.

We worked with DCI Engineers, Swinerton Builders, Timberlab, and Kalesnikoff to bring this timber building to life.

On the interior, the forest of beams and columns are arranged to create two distinct neighborhoods of beam orientation. This use of the structural system to create spatial definition on an otherwise vast floor plate also allows the direction of the beams to respond to the large curtain wall facades.

Beams are oriented perpendicular to the glazing rather than running across it to maximize the floor-to-ceiling glass. Allowing daylight deeper into the floor plate and making sure the expansive views of the lake and city skyline shine.

The mass timber grid is also planned out for future mechanical systems with the use of “short bays”. Reducing the distance between the columns reduces the beam spans and, therefore, allows the depth of the beam to be much shallower. Future mechanical ducts are able to run under the shallow beams and then down the floor plate alongside the deeper girders, keeping the height of the space feeling grand and unobstructed.

With over 64,000 square feet of programmed outdoor spaces, Northlake Commons is creating a sense of place surrounded by nature.

Multi-story tall timber columns are shaped with chamfered corners to create a more organic shape and provide exciting shadow lines. A steel-free beam-to-column pocket connection provides construction and fabrication efficiencies and brings cost and carbon savings.

From its lapped fiber cement cladding, which references the cedar shingles of Northwest homes, to its unique wood detailing, there is always something new to investigate and observe.

As the final destination of the plaza, the south end deck is a place for gathering. Looking out over the lake, this terminus is all about the biophilic principles of prospect and refuge.

The south end of the site is within a shoreline environment overlay. To respect this project's adjacency to one of Seattle’s most significant waterways, the building form was pulled back, and a regional stormwater swale was built.

Water runoff from the Walllingford neighborhood to the north was previously carried in a storm main directly out to Lake Union. Now, it is diverted to our site and through a system of strategically placed plantings, soils, and gravel, cleaning 2.6 million gallons of stormwater annually and filtering out harmful pollutants that threaten migrating salmon populations.

The swale was created through a partnership with Seattle Public Utilities and has helped establish a pilot program that aims to encourage more of these large-scale stormwater solutions. Not only have we created a beautiful place that connects those around it to a natural system, but it is also an example of a straightforward, sustainable urban design approach that directly improves the local ecosystem.

In conclusion, Northlake Commons stands as a powerful example of how architecture can shape not just the built environment but also our relationship with nature, the community, and the city around us.

Through thoughtful design choices rooted in biophilia, sustainability, and performance, we’ve created a space that fosters both human well-being and environmental stewardship while meeting the ownership team’s goals for a successful market-rate project. With 40% of the building already leased, it’s clear that potential tenants see the value in the choices we made, validating the project’s ability to perform financially.

I hope Northlake Commons will inspire future developments to embrace these values as we continue to build toward a more connected, resilient future. Thank you.

Carbon Benefit and Beyond: Sharing the Life Cycle Assessment Findings of Northlake Commons

The content for this article was originally featured on the Weber Thompson Blog in March 2024.

As the project architect of Northlake Commons for the past four and a half years, I am excited to celebrate the recent completion of this monumental project. With 168,000 square feet of mass timber structure and 275,000 square feet of total building area, it’s the largest mass timber office building in Washington State at time of completion and likely the largest mass timber lab-ready building in the country. The project is on track for LEED CS Platinum certification.

The mass timber structure amplifies not only the beautiful light-filled interiors and the legacy of development partner, Dunn Lumber, but also the building’s role as a leader in the future of sustainable workplace buildings. Northlake Commons powerfully demonstrates that low-carbon building materials such as mass timber can scale, not just to larger structures, but across a diverse range of project types and markets.

Understanding Carbon

To summarize a complex issue, it’s paramount that the building industry reduce the amount of carbon the built environment releases into the atmosphere and thereby slow the increasing rates of climate change. “Carbon” is shorthand for greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) and the most significant greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide (CO2). So when we talk about “carbon” we’re really talking about CO2 that is emitted from both the operation of buildings, and from the creation of building materials. The “embodied carbon” of a building material represents the amount of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) that is emitted into the atmosphere during that material’s creation. Cement, steel, and iron are the building materials with the greatest embodied carbon and have at least eight times more embodied carbon than wood products like mass timber.

To meet necessary climate change mitigation targets by 2030 and 2050, the building material industry must decarbonize the manufacturing process of steel, iron, and cement. However, there are significant challenges in decarbonizing these processes and we cannot wait for these innovations to reach industry-wide adoption. This means we need to start reducing the scope of these materials in our buildings and either:

use recycled steel and concrete,

design strategies to reduce the scope of these materials, or

replace the scope with alternate, lower-carbon structural material like mass timber.

Materials Working Together

Northlake Commons contains a double-height warehouse used by Dunn Lumber. To meet the functional needs of this space, a three-story concrete podium design was a necessary part of the structural system. The use of concrete accommodates large-span semi-truck drive aisles, lumber material storage, and industrial-level durability from potential forklift impacts alongside parking for building tenants.

However, more than half of the structural system scope utilizes mass timber. Atop the concrete podium transfer deck stands four stories of office space built with a hybrid mass timber and steel structural system.

This interplay is common. Mass timber buildings are almost always hybrid structures with concrete and steel. The best way to understand the impacts of material scoping decisions is to do a Whole Building Life Cycle Assessment (WBLCA). WBLCAs calculate the combined embodied carbon of all materials and determine how many metric tons of CO2e the project produced through its creation.

The Northlake Commons WBLCA, conducted in 2021 by Glumac and informed by DCI Engineers, studied the building’s structural system and building envelope1. The WBLCA provided meaningful insights into the following carbon-reducing strategies that were implemented:

a reduced-cement concrete mix,

a buckling-restrained brace frame (BRBF) lateral system,

four-stories of mass timber structure, and

regional mass timber procurement.

Carbon Reduction Strategy #1: Reduced-Cement Mix

Cement is the material in concrete most responsible for carbon emissions. The high heat needed to make cement comes from burning fossil fuels, because there aren’t clean fuel options that can reach such temperatures. Additionally, turning limestone into cement releases CO2 directly into the air due to the chemical reactions involved. This process is why cement production has such a big environmental impact.

The best way to build with concrete, but reduce its embodied carbon, is to use less cement. Concrete mixes can be carefully reviewed and altered to reduce quantities of cement by adjusting water-to-cement ratios and increasing the amount of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in the mix. The revised concrete mix used at Northlake Commons resulted in a carbon benefit of 900 metric tons of CO2e, or an 18% savings when compared to a standard mix.

Carbon Reduction Strategy #2: BRBF Lateral System

The decision to use a buckling-restrained brace frame (BRBF) lateral system in this speculative core and shell building was driven by the need for flexibility in the layouts of future tenant improvements. The alternate option is a concrete shear core, and potentially shear walls, that would divide the floor plate, block views and hamper daylighting. The BRBFs can exist within the office spaces without dividing the space and allow for circulation underneath. The carbon benefit of the BRBF lateral system is 187 metric tons of CO2e avoided, or an 83% savings compared to a concrete shear core system. This data indicates an exciting win-win design solution with both carbon and design benefits.

Carbon Reduction Strategies 3 & 4: Regionally Procured Mass Timber

Northlake Commons’ mass timber structure was procured regionally, with cross-laminated timber (CLT) supplied and fabricated by Kalesnikoff in British Columbia and glue-laminated timber columns and beams supplied by Kalesnikoff and fabricated by Timberlab in Portland, Oregon. The wood was harvested from Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification (PEFC) certified forests near Castlegar, BC.

The distance materials travel from source to site is reflected in the LCA and impacts overall embodied carbon metrics. Sourcing and fabricating materials for Northlake Commons regionally greatly reduced the project’s carbon footprint. This also enabled the project to quality for the LEED Regional Materials credit, which restricts materials to those found within a 500-mile radius of the site. The LCA calculations show the mass timber structure avoided 2,500 metric tons of CO2e, creating a 23% savings when compared to a concrete structure baseline.2

In total, 2,524 metric tons of CO2e were saved through the design and material choices of Northlake Commons. This is equivalent to powering 500 homes for one year.3

Looking Ahead

One of the key reasons mass timber was viable for Northlake Commons is the Pacific Northwest’s thriving and expanding regional timber supply chain. The Design and Ownership Team also explored using mass timber for a 2015 office building. However, due to an underdeveloped supply chain at the time, it was not possible to secure competitive pricing; the building ultimately utilized a typical steel structural system. It’s encouraging to see so much advancement in recent years and even more potential in the future.

The October 2023 Federal designation of the Pacific Northwest Mass Timber Tech Hub recently put Oregon and Washington at the heart of mass timber innovation. This announcement will lead to opportunities to apply for funding for initiatives that might focus on creating jobs, addressing the housing crisis, improving forest health, and reducing catastrophic wildfires, all centered around mass timber as a building material.

It’s encouraging to imagine what comes next and the projects that might follow Northlake Commons. With continued creativity and collaboration, a future where the building industry’s carbon footprint is cut in half is not only possible, it may also be made of beautiful, healthy, regenerative architecture.


Footnote: 1. The scope or “system boundary” of the LCA is full cradle-to-grave life cycle analysis over a 60-year period and includes material extraction, building product manufacturing, transportation to site, on-site construction, product maintenance and replacement, deconstruction, demolition, and disposal. Building operational energy is excluded.

Footnote: 2. LCA industry standards and practices currently assume wood is largely disposed of at end-of-life. This assumption is conservative and causes the carbon benefit of timber to be lessened. End-of-life and biogenic carbon industry standards are still being developed as LCAs become more common place.

Footnote: 3. Source: EPA Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies Calculator

Water and Wood: Northlake Commons, a biophilic mass timber workplace in Seattle

The content for this article was originally featured in the AIA Young Architect Forum Connection magazine in June 2022, in the DJC’s Waterfront Redevelopment Special Issue in July 2022, and then in the Weber Thompson Blog in July 2022.

Rendering showing Northlake Commons in situ overlooking Lake Union and beyond to downtown Seattle.

Seattle is a city of water. The Puget Sound and Lake Washington bound the city's eastern and western edges, and a canal connects both bodies of water into the city's geographic center, the heart, Lake Union. The lake provides an expansive visual connection between the varied and distinct neighborhoods surrounding it. The lake itself is home to several houseboat and floating home communities, public small watercraft recreation, and even a seaplane airport.

Seattle is also a city of wood. The forests are a short drive away and facilitate a culture of outdoor recreation that permeates into the urban lifestyle. Like many other non-indigenous settlements in the Pacific Northwest, timber milling and logging were the original backbones of industry. In fact, a lumber company has existed on the north end of Lake Union since 1931: the Dunn Lumber Company. Dunn Lumber is a successful, family-owned, local business that believes in supplying craftspeople with the highest quality wood products.

The Dunn family teamed up with local real estate development group Hess Callahan Grey Group and architectural firm Weber Thompson to transform their original lumber yard into its fullest potential. Currently under construction and coming in the fall of 2023, Northlake Commons will be a four-story, mass timber, mixed-use workplace building above a two-story concrete podium that will house the new Dunn Lumber warehouse. This innovative project will bring new energy to a previously sparse industrial area with an improved park space that engages with Seattle's appreciable Burke-Gilman bike trail and an expansive public plaza looking out over Lake Union.

Stormwater swales designed by Weber Thompson's landscape architecture team at Watershed Office Building. Two images comparing quality of water before and after filtration.

In respecting the project site's proximity to the Lake Union shoreline, stormwater management and restoration became vital design goals. Currently, stormwater sheds down a significant hill from the neighborhood to the north and into the lake untreated. However, after the Northlake Commons project is completed, new stormwater infrastructure will divert the water into a swale capable of filtering up to 5 million gallons of stormwater before it continues its path to the lake. A generous building setback at the shoreline adjacent property line created this significant restorative swale area. The design team also prohibited using exposed galvanized steel on the project because it leaches zinc which is harmful to aquatic life. Implementation of this holistic, beyond the project site, green stormwater swale infrastructure is a reoccurring ambition for this development team that has seen much success (Link). Part of its success is that it provides both afunctional water quality benefits and provides the urban public street with much-needed green space. Functional green spaces like the swales facilitate biophilia, or the innate human instinct to connect with nature and other living beings (Link).

Stormwater swales designed by Weber Thompson's landscape architecture team at Watershed Office Building. Two images comparing quality of water before and after filtration.

I believe that the strongest foundation of sustainable behavior is a love and admiration for nature. Biophilic design recognizes this and strives to create opportunities within our built environments and communities to connect people to nature. The human health and wellness benefits of biophilic design are significant and documented in several valuable resources. The design team referred to and conducted a design charrette based on the 14 Patterns of Biophilic Design by Terrapin Bright Green (Link).

One of the most direct examples of connection to nature at Northlake Commons is the exterior breezeways, which the design team dubbed Connectors. These Connectors are not only intended as a means of circulation but are 40 feet wide and intended as legitimate outdoor office space. They are outfitted with overhead cover, lighting, electrical outlets, and capacity for outdoor heaters to keep them functional all year long. There are two such Connectors at each level. The Connector to the north has views of the bike trail and park, the Connector to the south has views of the lake, and both overlook the landscaped courtyard below.

The sensory interaction provided by these Connector spaces is likely to offer people improved cognitive function and reductions in systolic blood pressure and stress hormones (Link). The ability to have a space where one can seek reprieve from their indoor environment has excellent psychological value, especially in today's context of a pandemic.

Northlake Commons plaza courtyard north end with a bridge over the sunken garden and multistory timber columns.

The true biophilic heart of Northlake Commons is the mass timber structural system: comprised of cross-laminated time floors and glue-laminated timber columns. Mass timber is highly regarded for its reduced embodied carbon impacts, and studies find mass timber to take 25% less carbon to create the same structural system as a concrete building (Link). Low embodied carbon is an important reason to investigate and advocate for mass timber on any project. However, there are values to be toted beyond the carbon footprint. Northlake Commons elected to use mass timber for its structural system early in design. Despite the supply chain issues and materials escalation of the last two years, a different structural system was not considered by the ownership and development team. The commitment to mass timber is likely because the development and ownership team recognized the market value of differentiating themselves in the commercial office market. In a real-estate market where office buildings are typically constructed of steel and concrete, there is genuine value in the alluring aesthetic of wood that helps new construction stand out from the rest, thereby increasing leasing potential. There are also cost savings impacts by designing a lighter building structure requiring less significant foundation design and therefore costs. I find this win-win reality of mass timber very encouraging. Whenever a solution can function well on many unique fronts, it rises to the top as a viable answer to come back project after project.

It was, for this reason, that the building's design concept was able to revolve around wood reliably. The design concept is inspired by a walk in the woods and the distinct layers of the forest. The forest floor, the understory, and the canopy. The multistory timber columns and bark-like building cladding represent the understory. A sunken garden represents the forest floor. The overhead Connectors act as the canopy. True to the patterns of biophilic design, there are sensations of refuge, mystery, risk, and prospect throughout the plaza experience. Walking along a path, moving between tall timbers, crossing a bridge, and an ending with an expansive view of the water. The connection to nature is not only referential but, instead, an authentic experience replicated in an urban environment.

To learn more about this project, please visit: Link.

All images courtesy of Weber Thompson.





Creating Balance for the Seattle Design Festival

This content was original written for and published on Weber Thompson’s blog.

From a distance, it appears to be a prow-like pergola from which a delicate collection of puzzling elements are suspended. While approaching, hanging ribs that sway in the wind become discernible. The eye is drawn to this movement, an illusion of the entire structure wavering in the wind, similar to a boat rocking on waves. Upon closer encounter, the chattering of wood is heard, and the suspended elements reveal themselves as a field of dancing dowels. The wind picks up amplifying both movement and sound. The wind dies down and it all becomes more subtle. People passing by turn to move beneath the structure, gazing up at the colorful wooden objects. Parents carry children on their shoulders allowing them to knock the dowels with their hands, adding an instant ripple effect. These are the sensory experiences of ‘Murmur’.

Each year, the non-profit Design in Public hosts the Seattle Design Festival (SDF). SDF is a space for the local design community to come together and create an engaging and interactive experience for peers and the public alike. The installations are guided by a suggested theme; analyzing how each design team interprets the same prompt can reveal trends in current design thinking, narratives, and inspirations. Often, designs provoke thoughts on our shared experience of life in ever-changing Seattle and point to ways design can help shape and enhance our beloved city.

This year’s SDF theme was ‘balance’. The design team at Weber Thompson knew right away that our interpretation of balance would lean dynamic rather than static. We imagined natural systems and ecosystems in a constant state of change; an organic search for equilibrium that ebbs and flows. We challenged ourselves to create an installation that allowed viewers to feel their individual impact in a larger system. We asked, “What if we could make a small cosmos for people to enter and experience this interpretation of ‘balance’?”

Enter our muse: a video of a flock of black birds known as starlings flying together in undulating forms against a pastel sunset backdrop. Swirling and diving, creating nebulous, hypnotic patterns with no apparent logic. We later discovered that this starling phenomena is called a “murmuration.” It is unknown what inspires these beautiful displays, but it is known that the flowing changes of direction are caused by the movements of one bird rippling out to the handful of birds surrounding it. The action of one bird can influence the appearance of the entire murmuration.

From here the Weber Thompson design team set out to create an installation made up of many smaller pieces that would flow together in the wind, emulating the ever-changing murmuration of starlings. While the process of design and construction took many months, and the nature of our installation took many shapes on its journey from a kernel of an idea to a tangible form, we landed on a profound connection when all was said and done. The Seattle design community, and the process of design itself, is not so different from a starling murmuration. We all are operating from our own points of view, our own languages of expression, and our own motivations for being designers. Each year we come together, called to design under a common theme, to create a fleeting display for others to observe, question, and from which to draw inspiration. We seek both to connect, and to help one another understand a little more deeply this thing called life.

So while we do not know why the birds dance together, we certainly know why we do.